Transforms a brain dump into a story-structured essay outline. Pressure tests for a real thesis, applies the Saunders framework via story-lens skill to validate hook, escalation, and conclusion, then writes a tight outline to file. Also fixes stale skill count in README (22 → 24). 🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code) Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
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plugins/compound-engineering/skills/story-lens/SKILL.md
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name: story-lens
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description: This skill should be used when evaluating whether a piece of prose constitutes a high-quality story. It applies George Saunders's craft framework — causality, escalation, efficiency, expectation, and character accumulation — as a structured diagnostic lens. Triggers on requests like "is this a good story?", "review this prose", "does this feel like a story or just an anecdote?", "critique this narrative", or any request to assess the craft quality of fiction or narrative nonfiction.
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# Story Lens
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A diagnostic skill for evaluating prose quality using George Saunders's storytelling framework. The framework operates on a single core insight: the difference between a story and an anecdote is causality plus irreversible change.
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Load [saunders-framework.md](./references/saunders-framework.md) for the full framework, including all diagnostic questions and definitions.
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## How to Apply the Skill
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### 1. Read the Prose
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Read the full piece before forming any judgments. Resist diagnosing on first pass.
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### 2. Apply the Six Diagnostic Questions in Order
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Each question builds on the previous.
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**Beat Causality**
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Map the beats. Does each beat cause the next? Or are they sequential — "and then... and then..."? Sequential beats = anecdote. Causal beats = story.
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**Escalation**
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Is the story moving up a staircase or running on a treadmill? Each step must be irrevocable. Once a character's condition has fundamentally changed, the story cannot re-enact that change or linger in elaboration. Look for sections that feel like they're holding still.
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**The Story-Yet Test**
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Stop at the end of each major section and ask: *if it ended here, would it be complete?* Something must have changed irreversibly. If nothing has changed, everything so far is setup — not story.
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**Character Accumulation**
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Track what the reader learns about the character, beat by beat. Is that knowledge growing? Does each beat confirm, complicate, or overturn prior understanding? Flat accumulation = underdeveloped character. Specificity accrues into care.
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**The Three E's**
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Check against the triad: Escalation (moving forward), Efficiency (nothing extraneous), Expectation (next beat is surprising but not absurd). Failure in any one of these is diagnosable.
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**Moral/Technical Unity**
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If something feels off emotionally or ethically — a character's choice that doesn't ring true, a resolution that feels unearned — look for the technical failure underneath. Saunders's claim: it is always there. Find the craft problem, and the moral problem dissolves.
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### 3. Render a Verdict
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After applying all six diagnostics, deliver a clear assessment:
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- Is this a story, or still an anecdote?
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- Which diagnostic reveals the primary weakness?
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- What is the single most important structural fix?
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Be direct. The framework produces precise, actionable diagnoses — not impressionistic feedback. Imprecise praise or vague encouragement is not useful here. The goal is to help the writer see exactly where the story is working and where it isn't.
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# The Saunders Storytelling Framework
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A distillation of George Saunders's craft principles for evaluating whether prose constitutes a high-quality story.
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---
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## The Fundamental Unit: The Beat
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Every moment in a story is a beat. Each beat must *cause* the next beat. Saunders calls causality "what melody is to a songwriter" — it's the invisible connective tissue the audience feels as the story's logic.
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The test: are beats **causal** or merely **sequential**?
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- Sequential (anecdote): "this happened, then this happened"
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- Causal (story): "this happened, *therefore* this happened"
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If beats are merely sequential, the work reads as anecdote, not story.
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---
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## What Transforms Anecdote into Story: Escalation
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> "Always be escalating. That's all a story is, really: a continual system of escalation. A swath of prose earns its place in the story to the extent that it contributes to our sense that the story is still escalating."
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Escalation isn't just raising stakes — it's **irrevocable change**. Once a story has moved forward through some fundamental change in a character's condition, you don't get to enact that change again, and you don't get to stay there elaborating on that state.
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**The story is a staircase, not a treadmill.**
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---
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## The "Is This a Story Yet?" Diagnostic
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Stop at any point and ask: *if it ended here, would it be complete?*
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Early on, the answer is almost always no — because nothing has changed yet. The story only becomes a story at the moment something changes irreversibly.
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**Precise test: change = story. No change = still just setup.**
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---
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## The "What Do We Know About This Character So Far?" Tool
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Take inventory constantly. A reader's understanding of a character is always a running accumulation — and every beat should either **confirm**, **complicate**, or **overturn** that understanding.
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The more we know about a person — their hopes, dreams, fears, and failures — the more compassionate we become toward them. This is how the empathy machine operates mechanically: **specificity accrues, and accrued specificity generates care.**
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---
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## The Three E's
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Three words that capture the full framework:
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1. **Escalation** — the story must continuously move forward through irrevocable change
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2. **Efficiency** — ruthlessly exclude anything extraneous to the story's purposes
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3. **Expectation** — what comes next must hit a Goldilocks level: not too obvious, not too absurd
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---
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## The Moral/Technical Unity
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Any story that suffers from what seems like a **moral failing** will, with sufficient analytical attention, be found to be suffering from a **technical failing** — and if that failing is addressed, it will always become a better story.
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This means: when a story feels wrong emotionally or ethically, look for the craft problem first. The fix is almost always structural.
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---
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## Summary: The Diagnostic Questions
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Apply these in order to any piece of prose:
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1. **Beat causality** — Does each beat cause the next, or are they merely sequential?
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2. **Escalation** — Is the story continuously moving up the staircase, or running on a treadmill?
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3. **Story-yet test** — If it ended here, would something have irreversibly changed?
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4. **Character accumulation** — Is our understanding of the character growing richer with each beat?
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5. **Three E's check** — Is it escalating, efficient, and pitched at the right level of expectation?
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6. **Moral/technical unity** — If something feels off morally or emotionally, where is the technical failure?
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